Expenses in Ijarah. Liability in Case of Loss. Penalty - late payment of rent. Termination of Ijarah. Ijarah Leasing as a Mode of Finance. Concept of Ownership. Public Property. Concept of Wealth. Transfer of Wealth. Iktisab Al-Rizq. Definition of Haram. Permission of Cash Rent Only. Grant of Grazing. Labour as Partner. Investment of Unpaid Wages. Profit with Risk of Loss. Consumer Behaviour.
Extent of Al-Infaq. Quality of Al-Infaq. Market Mechanism. Price Determination. Market Imperfections. Other Malpractices. Contract of Sale. Conditions of the Contract of Sale. Rights of the Seller. Sale of Alcholic Drinks. Other Haram Contracts of Sale. Money as Medium of Exchange.
Riba Al-Nasiya. Al-Hawala Endorsement of Debt. Remission of the Poor Debtor. Public Finance. Honesty in Public Funds. Prudent Use of Public Funds.
Generosity of the Treasurer. Assessment on Public Finance. Stock in Trade. Zakat Expenditure. For Al-Miskin. Economic Effects of Zakat. Economic Development.
Philosophy of Economic Development. Population Policy. Negation of Excessive Pursuit of Wealth. Economic Values. Al-Ithar Sacrifice. Negative Values. Islamic Economics. Islamic Economics and Economics. Price Mechanism. Allocation of Risk Through Mudarabah. An Appraisal of Monetary Policy. An Islamic Perspective on Discounting. Applied Islamic Economics. Basic Features of Islamic Economics.
Behavior of the Producer. Behavioral and Institutional Setting. Capitalist Accumulation or Globalization. Capitalist System: Some Deficiencies. Challenges posed by MNCs. Changes Taking Place in Conventional Economics. Characteristics of an Islamic Economy. Classical Economics. Colonial Exploits. Commentary on Monetary Policy in an Islamic Economy. Comments on Current Islamic Banking. Comments on Discounting of in Project Evaluation. Comments on Fiscal Policy in an Islamic Economy.
Comments on the Foundations of Taxation Policy. Comments on the Objectives of Fiscal Policy. Comments on the Theory of Fiscal Policy. Comparison with the Welfare State. Consumer Behavior. Debt: Pakistan. Desirable Strategy for Isalmization. Discount Rate in the Theory of Corporation Finance. Discounting for Public Projects. Discounting Under Uncertainty for a Private Investor. Discussion on Current Islamic Banking. Discussion on Discounting of in Project Evaluation. Discussion on Fiscal Policy in an Islamic Economy.
Discussion on Monetary Policy in an Islamic Economy. Discussion on the Foundations of Taxation Policy. Discussion on the Theory of Fiscal Policy. Disparity: Global Scenario. Distinguishing Characteristics of an Islamic Economy. Drawing upon the Legacy.
Early Economic Thought. Economic History of Islam. Economic Integration: Islamic Approach. Economic Philosophy of Islam. Elimination of Interest: Pakistan. Emergence of Islamic Banks. Empirical Studies. Fiscal Policy in an Islamic Economy. Free Trade as Imperialism.
Generating Research Priorities. Globalization Domination of Finance. Globalization: Blessing or Blarney? Globalization: Role for Muslims. Globalization: Some Ground Realities. Globalization: Some Reflections. Government Expenditures on Interest: Pakistan. Has Capitalism Delivered? Implicit Strategy for Islamization. Inter-disciplinary Studies. Interest Payment to State Bank of Pakistan. Islam And Economics. Islamic Economy: Three-Sector Model.
Islamic Financial System: Malaysia. Islamic Tradition in Economics. Islamization of Finance Sector: Pakistan. Islamizing Economics. Issues, Problems and Strategy: Riba.
Journey From Equality To Impoverishment. Keynes' Theory. Legislative Changes in Islamic Finance. Macro-management is the Issue. Malaysian Muslim Malaise: Globalization. Material Opulence. Measures of Fiscal Policy in an Islamic Economy. Mechanism of Fiscal Policy. Minimising the Budget Deficit: Pakistan. Monetary Economics. Monetary Policy in an Islamic Economy. Monetary Policy Instruments. Moral Privation. Muslim Government Expenditure.
Muslims' Preparedness for Globalization. Nature and Content of Islamic Economics. Necessary New Mindset: Globalization. Neoclassical Economics. Objectives of Fiscal Policy in an Islamic Economy. Permissible vs Forbidden Discounting. Positive Time Preference as Basis for Discounting. Poverty from the Wealth of Nations.
Poverty in the Land of Plenty. Principles of Taxation Policy. Progress of Islamic Economics. Putting Ideas to Practice. Required Rate of Return in an Islamic Economy. Risk Assumption by Employees. Role of Fiscal Policy.
Size of Interest Receipts and Payments: Pakistan. Sources of Finance for Present Muslim States. Stochastic Productivity of Investment as Basis for Discounting. System Constraints on Taxation. Tabung Haji Prospects. The Contemporary Scene of Economics. The Problems in Economics. The Role of Monetary Policy. The State of the Art. Theory of Fiscal Policy. Theory of Income Determination. Theory of Islamic Economic: The Future. Theory of Islamic Economics: Essentials.
Tools and Instruments. Way Ahead for Muslims: Globalization. Where Shall Capitalism Lead. Islamic Economic System. Pakistan Supreme Court Challenges. Pakistan Supreme Court Response to Challenges. Issues in Pakistan Supreme Court Response. Future Challenges: Pakistan. Evaluation of Pakistan Banking Changes. Legal and Practical Constraints: Tabung Haji. Legal Reforms In Pakistan: Structural Reforms in Pakistan's Legal System.
Procedural Reforms: The Qanoon-i-Shahadat. Criminal Law Reform. Jurists and Bureaucrats. Secular Political Opponents. The Status of Women in Pakistan.
Hudood Ordinances. Repugnancy to Islam - Who Decides? Objectives Resolution: The Argument. Raising the Ceiung: Fate of Land Reforms. Educating the Public on the Merits of Interest-free Economy. Objectives Resolution and Riba. The Faisal Case: Findings and Implications. The Variables and Nonvariables in Legal Thought. The Secularized Muslim Elites' Dilemma. Dynamics of Islamic Approach.
Religious Liberty. Supremacy of the Sharjah. Implementation of Hudood Ordinances. Types and Disposition of Cases.
Region and the Hudood Ordinances. Gender and the Hudood Ordinances. Origins of International Law. Development of Modem International Law in the West. Muslim International Law. Socio-Economic Justice: its Place in Islam. The Muslim World. Legal Framework for an Islamic Financial System. Islamic Law of Contract. Islamic Law of Contracts and Gharar. Banking Services.
The Treasury. The Financial Market Instruments. Leasing in Pakistan. Investment Auctioning. Financing on Normal Rate of Return. Time Multiple Counter-loans. Special Loans Facility. Methods to Finance Alternative Mechanisms. Alternative Mechanisms to Replace Riba. Commercial Banking: Pakistan. Specialised Financial Institutions: Pakistan. Government Transactions: Pakistan. Commercial Banking. Interim Report on Elimination of Interest.
Operations of Islamic Banks. How Islamic Banks Operate. Issues Faced by Islamic Banks. Malaysian Islamic Financial Landscape. Islamic Financial Intermediaries: Malaysia. Non-bank Islamic Financial Intermediaries: Malaysia. Genesis of Islamic Banking in Bangladesh. Role of Bangladesh Central Bank. Legal and Practical Constraints: Bangladesh.
Achievements, Impacts and Prospects: Bangladesh. Principles of Distribution of Profit to Mudarba Depositors. Current Approach to Interest-Free Financing. Participation Term Certificate. Prospects for International Transactions Without Riba. Criteria for Appraisal from the Riba Angle.
Islamic Position of Foreign Exchange Transactions. International Trade: Exports and Imports. Selected Riba-Safe Transaction Modes. Promotion of a Riba-Safe Business Environment. International Capital Movements. International Transactions at Government Level.
Prohibition of Interest. Theoretical Basis of Islamic Banking. An Early Experiment: Islamic Banking. Unique Financial Institution. Business Practices of Islamic Banks. Sources of Funds of Islamic Banks. Some Misconceptions of Islamic Banking. Geographical Spread of IFIs. Experience of Islamic Banks: Some Conclusions. Main Conclusions Nature of Riba.
Indexation of Loans. Profit-Sharing Arrangement with Depositors. Islamic Instruments for Secondary Reserves. Provident Fund Balances of the Employees. Foreign Branches of Pakistani Banks. Riba-Free Alternatives in Commercial Banking. Islamic Principles of Finance. Model of Riba-Free Bank. Shari'ah Advisory Board. Interest-Free Banking: A Proposal. Bank as Business Partner. Bank as Intermediary. Islamic banks as financial intermediaries.
Handling Delinquency and Default in Islamic Banking. Tawarruq based credit card. Modes of Financing: Islamic Banking. Modes of Financing - Introduction. Project Financing. House Financing. Carrying Business of Service. Sharing in the Gross Profit. Diminishing Musharakah in Trade. Musharakah — Dishonesty. Financing of the Working Capital. Musharakah - Business Secrecy. Risk of Loss in Musharakah. Running Musharakah Account.
Securitisation of Musharakah. Unwillingness to Share Profits. Equity Screening in Islamic Finance. Hawalah vs. Wakalah vs.
Wakala Deposit. Hawalah-based financing. Salam and Istisna — Background. Salam - Explained. Salam - Mode of Financing. Parallel Salam - Explained. Istisna — Mode of Financing. Istisna — Time of Delivery. Istisna vs. Ijarah vs. Istisna as a mode of finance. Takaful Insurance - Explained. Takaful - Wakalah Model. Takaful — Mudarabah Model. Takaful — Hybrid Model. Takaful — Waqf Model. Historical Development: Tabung Haji. Current Profile: Tabung Haji. Fund Mobilization: Tabung Haji. Saving Procedures: Tabung Haji.
Zakat Payment: Tabung Haji. Distribution of Profit: Tabung Haji. Investments: Tabung Haji. Investment Principles: Tabung Haji. Investment History: Tabung Haji. Investment in Equities: Tabung Haji. Islamic Investment Funds. Investment in Shares — Criteria. Reserves in Islamic Equity Funds.
Islamic Equity Funds. Islamic Commodity Funds. Ijarah Investment Funds. Murabahah Investment Funds. Mixed Islamic Funds. Equity Funds - Guarantee of capital of the fund by the manager. Gearing in Investment Funds.
Purification in Islamic Equity Fund. Poverty: Some Points to Ponder. Parameters of Child Labour. Child Labour Statistics. Child Labour Income. Cost of Child Labour. Both Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita joined hands in making their dream of a successful global company a reality.
It has also developed a network of Sony Center and established 30 warehouses across the country to manage its supply chain effectively. Of course some products are made in China but this is not a big deal. Because Sony headphones are definitely made in China. It is the most important point for Chinese current economy. It means China almost can manufacture all kinds of products for the whole world. Even though the market for electronics is larger than before with customers having a better purchasing power, the strategies developed by Sony have continually failed it resulting to major losses as its competitors achieve a better position in the market and excel in the same segments that Sony is fighting to sustain.
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